Spray gun



June 18, 1940. A. F. JENKINS SPRAY Gun x-ild Jan. 9. 193e 2 Sheets-Sheet1 June 18 1940 A. F'. JENKINS H 2,204,599

SPRAY GUN Filed Jan. 9, 1956 2 Sheets-She?? 2 ggf-4f Z Patented June 18,1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SPRAY GUN y Alexander FrederickJenkins,` Baltimore, Md. Applicatin January 9, 193s, seriarNo. 58,399 5,claims. i (cl. a99-149.1)

rThis invention relates to spray guns for coating material or the like,and has to do more particularly with the nozzles of such guns.

The present application is a continuation in x5 `part of my copendingapplication Serial `No.

714,766, filed March 9, 1934.`

`The general object of the invention is to1 provide a novel and improvednozzle construction for devices of the class described,` which exhibitsin certain advantages in eiiicient operation and ease of manipulationwhich will be `readily apparent as `the detailed description proceeds. f

In the utilization of the `ordinary spray gun for applying coatingmaterials, especially when :l suchfmaterials are of a viscous nature,there occurs `an` ccumulation of the liquid material on the faceIices.;` Considerable inconvenience has been eX- `perienced with thedripping of the liquid from the nozzle of the gun and also the buildingup of deposits of hardened coating material about the nozzle oricedeleteriously affects `the spraying operation.

` Another object of the invention, therefore, is

the provision of a self-cleaning and non-dripping nozzle, which embodiesmeans for preventing the i building up of an accumulation of paint,enamel,

or other coating material on the face of the nozzle adjacent the sprayorifices. The means which l I have provided forthis purpose preserve thesharp clean edges of these oriiices and improve the accuracy of thespray as well as attaining the `objects already described. I

Another object of the invention is to provide in `3.3 connection With anozzle `of this type, novel air `baiiling means for reducing thevelocity ofthe air supplied to certain of the nozzle jets and forobtaining better distribution and equalizationof ow between certain ofthe spaced oriiicesof the 4U nozzle.

A further object of the invention is the provi- I sion of an improvedconnection between the nozzle end of the spray gun and the main bodyportion thereof `which carries the controlling and 5 actuatingmechanisms.

L, away and shown in vertical longitudinal section;

f the nozzle around the spraying ori- Other objects and features ofnovelty will be the example shown being of the same type as thatillustrated and described in detail in my copending application t whichreference has been made; i I

` Figure 2` is an enlarged longitudinal sectional i; view through thenozzle of the `gun shown` in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a View in front elevation of the noz- I zle illustrated inFigures land 2; v i f Figure 4 `is a View `partlyin side elevationand l;partly in vertical` longitudinal section illustrating a modied formofozzle and nozzle attaching structure; f I

Figure 5 is a fragmentary View in front elevation of the central portionof the nozzle shown in `l5 Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a fragmentaryl viewin vertical longitudinal section ofafront modication in my improved nozzle; and

Figure 7 is` a fragmentary front elevational 20 view of the sameVnozzle.

In the illustrative exampleof my invention in Figure 1 the spray gun. to`which the nozzle is applied is the same as thatillustrated in mycopending application referred to above and only 25 as mucho'f theactuating and controlling mechanism as is necessary to an understandingof the features` constituting the present invention the trigger D andtheair andliquid flow regulating devices denoted generally by the referenceletter E. I In the forward portion of the gun there is inserted thenipple II through `which communica- `tion may be had from a suitablesupply of coating material or the like.` The coating material enters thepassageways I I2 and from thence 40 passes into the central jet portionthereof Where the emission of the liquidmaterial is controlled by aneedle valve I5 having a stem I6 passing longitudinally of `the gun`through the stumng box I'l and urged forwardly to valve closingposition by means of the spring I4. The stem I5 carries uponitsintermediate portion the longil tudinally` movable abutment member I8which by rotation of the stem IBmay be positioned at selected pointsalong thestem in order to control the point of engagement thereof by theyokey I9 carried by the trigger D. This positioning is attained by meansof the cooperation of the pin 2i! carried by the member I8 with thespiral slot!! formedin the valve steml I 8. The member I8 55 "provided`withithektip |1013 whichicontains` the liquid` orificei |08`controlledrby the `needle valve 'the stufling `box` andis extendedrearwardly of the outer nozzle `|26` y The inneri flange* |28f`of themember `|20"is f `provided, `with theannularseries of passageways asatil l2 tobe 'controlled'in any suitable manner. *Theinner nozzle`memb`eim|lis `providedwith the polygonal portionI I I5 `to which 'a'suitable tool "may be applied ini assembling anddismantlingNthenozzlesiThe element 1 |105isalso provided with |29 leading totheannularichamber formed between the rearwardly' directed flange |3`|ef the to `theiintermediatefportin of i Exteriorly i the aspirating airmember |20 `and the inner nozzle member |05. ofthe flange |3f| the outermember "20 `is provided-withcpassageways |33 leading to the isupplemental attening jets 35 carried i by i "the :horns |36 disposed inth'eu'sualdiametrically opposed positions.

A radially' outwardly directed `ilangejl38 is formed'bn the "outermember|20 and Icooperates;withthe spun-overange |39 on i portionfmoanlil. Acompressedair passageway |45 is provided in the gun member |00fforsupplying the air `to both the aspirating andmodifying jets;` *Albranchpassageway" |46 leads `from the passageway W45 th l'lOZZle" and `'|30from which i passesf to" the central portion vof the'face of thenozzleffA needle `i/'alve |40 `cooperateswith the`seat|49 inthepassageway`|45 `communicates with the chamber to control the `airsupplied touthejmodied or i wall of the flattened jets.` Beyondthisvalve arrangement, the' air flows into the annular groove |50 formedin the face of the member |00 and from there it `passes around a 'balingdevice and thence to the` |33 `leading to the horns of the passagewaysnozzle.

This baflling member, which may be considered an element of the member|00, comprises a sleeve |52 which is disposed within the annular groove|50 `in the member |00 and ts snugly `around theinner wall of thisgroove as at |53.` The outer end of the sleeve |52 `abuts an inwardlydirected ange |3| of the outer nozzle member, when assembledas at |54. Acrimped spring washer |55 is disposed between the inner end of thesleeve |52 and the shoulder |56 `formed on the annular groove |50. Thisinsures the effective sealing off of the inner aspirating airpassageways and the outer modifying air pas- A radially directed annularflange |60` is formed on the sleeve member |52 so as to project into themodifying air chamber IGI enclosed by the retaining ring member |40.Since the modifying or flattening air is supplied through the` tbe notedthat the baling and partitioning sleeve jecting annular flange `isprovided of the inserted disc |11 adapted to project e the controls.I

|52 isv applied to the body portion of the gun andis not carriedby thenozzle elements. This is ease in assembling the device.`

an important feature making for convenience and In Figures and 7 animportant modification 1.

of mylimproved nozzle is shown. In this embodiment a portion of theouter nozzle member is shown having the usual iiat forward face |1I, ofrelatively limited extent as compared with the whole front of thenozzle. The nozzle is drilled centrally as at |12 to provide a circularopening "and upon the inner side `of the face |1| the surface is cutaway or countersunk in two stages, one lever providing the surface |13and the other the shouldered outer recess |14. Thecorner between thesurface |13 and the margin of the opening |12 is preferablybevelledsuch` as at |15. Into the `larger recess |14 there is forced anannular insert |111which is provided with the `forwardly prothe opening|19 and connected with the main disc-like portion of the insert by thefrusto conical web |80.` `Between this disc-like insert and the wallofthe nozzle portion 10 the space |8| the annular jet |85. An annularseries of openings |86 is formed in the flat rearward portion whichsupplies the air to the space 18|; It will beunderstood that an innernozzle member such `as disclosed for example in `Figures 2 and 4 of thedrawings is through the opening |19 in thisconstruction` to form theconcentric liquid and aspirating air jets.` The supplemental cleanup airj et is projected through the annular orificei |85 in thepresentconstruction.` In this embodiment the air passing through the smallopenings |055 ifmpinges upon the front wall of the space lillA and iseffectively bailed so as to retard the lflow somewhat. The wall ortubular ring `of air provided by thissupplemental jet is more completely annular in form than if the series of passageways |86 wereprovided adjacent the orice.` Furthermore, this construction enables themaking of the proper thickness of the wall after inserting the disc |11.

In Figure 4 of the drawings there is also shown a novel attaching meansfor securing the nozzle supporting member 00 of the gun to the `mainrearwardly disposed body portion which carries member 200 `is providedon the rear portion ofl the member |00, the bore 20| of whichcommunicates with the air passageway |45. This member is provided withthe flange 202 and the narrowed rearwardcylindricalportion 203 which isadapted to `be received within the interior of the forwardly projectingend 205 of the main body portion of the gun. A clamping ring 206 isprovided `forwardly with an inwardly spun vflange 201 surrounding theshoulder of the flange 202 of the member 200. The clamping ring isthreaded |18 formed centrally with:

which is directed forwardly to form at the face of the nozzle i Atubular rearwardly projecting as at 200 upon the body portion 205. Inorderv to prevent rotation of the forward nozzle supporting member |00with relation to the body portion, the member 205 is notched as at 2|0to receive the correspondingly shaped projection 2|| formed on themember 200 and merging with the flange 202. The two members are thuseffectively locked together in the proper alignment and they may bereadily disconnected for cleaning or other purposes. i

Various changes and modifications may be made in; the device asdisclosed herein without vdepartingirom the scope oftheinvention-as'dea",iined' in the following'claims. f

rHaving thus describedA the invention, hwhat is claimed as newandrdesired tobesecured by Letly-adacent tc'said voriicef-andr connected`to said t air chamber by anfannular' series ofr smallclosely #pacedVperioration'spassing Ythrough the Wall .115er ucpeninginto-the bottomofsaid groove.

A.2 Ina nozzle forspray guns or the like, in fcombination, an outernozzle member having a ,i forward wall enclosing fa compressed airchamber andV providedwit'h-a centrallyY disposed openligging, vacircular depression-formed in the yinner -wall of saidmemberandaledgeformed laround .tlaeper-iphery 'of saiddepressioma'disc-likeinf-sert" disposed "upon saidledge and spacedfrom 'the-bottomofsaidfdepressiom said inserthav- .,325 ing-1an annular nippleYcentrally thereof and pro- .jectingthrough :said central opening in saidouterinozzle member and @spacedfrom the Vmargin -thereof,and openingsinthe-disc memberfcommunicatingwithithespace between said discfand 5,30thebottorn of saiddepression,

3. In anozzle-for sprayfguns or the like, in combination, -an fouter fnozzle member having a ffonward vwall-*enclosing VafcompressedV aircharnberend-provided with-fa centrally disposed open-- g55-ingecircular,depression-formedin the vinner walloi said memberand a ledgeformed.4 around the periphery of-said depression,ta,disclike in- .f sertdisposed upon-said. ledge and spaced l from the-.bottonr of saiddepression,l saidf insert having n Van'annular nipple centrally thereof`-andY projectingthroughsaidcentral opening'infsa-id-outer nozzle .memberi and A-, spaced from the margin thereof, an annular .seriesofopeningsin the disc fagaoLnao fmember: communicating withv the space between Isaid disc and y:the bottom of said depression, the

f diameter .ofrsaid-I series oopenings being-'greater :than thediameterof lsaid central' openingiin said outer member, ywhereby'an`indirect or somewhat ft'ortuouszpassageway is zprovided for bafngjthehair supplied .toi-the; supplemental orifice. v

:1 --4. In a sprayygun forfcoating materials or y-tbe like,` inycombination, anozzle providedwith acentrallyv disposed valve controlledliquid ori-` "ve,:an annular. orice'closely surroundinglandl .concentricwith saidcentrally disposed orifice for the projection ofa'jetof air foraspiratng said fliquid during thef'spraying operation,an annular seriesof neorices concentric vwith and dis- ;posed exteriorly ofvsaid annularorice, means .tforgplacing4 saidlast named orifices in communicationwith a source of compressed air, and '-a pair of`diarnetricallyf-oppositely disposed orifices forprojectingv convergingspray flattening jetsr =of,v air upon the main central spray jet'asmodified byxthejets from said :annular series of orices.

'5. A spraygun nozzle of-the 4class .comprising in combination, an innerliquid noz-y zle-member having a valve `controlled liquid ori-v ce inthe'tipthereoLfan outeriair -cap member -1 provided axially withganYopening surrounding vthe tip of `said liquid nozzle'portion withsufcientclearance to. provide anannular orice for, vthe projection ofajet of aspirating and atomizing airfanfannular rseriesfofne,passageways ,tral orice,and concentric therewith-and -communicatingwith la source- .of compressed air, di-

yarnetrically oppositely disposed convergingpas- .sageways t provided in`said air "cap vfor projecting-spray'modifying jets ofzainagainstthemain central spray Ajet formedy by the ,liquidv passing `ALEXANDERFREDERICK JENKINS.,

described,

f passing through-said air capfadjacent said cen-

